Collection And Identification Of The Family Ichneumonidae Of Dir Kohistan

INTRODUCTION order Hymenoptera is one of the four largest orders of insects, along with Coleoptera, Diptera, and Lepidoptera, with to each one of these orders containing everyplace 100,000 described species worldwide (Mason and Huber, 1993). Gauld and Bolton characterize adult Hymenoptera as having two pairs of membranous wings, lepismatid ovipositors in females, and prominent antennae. Haplo-diploid excite finish is common to most Hymenoptera. This type of sex determination has the returns of allowing a female to choose the sex of her progeny, as easily as preventing lethal recessive mutations from being masked in males (Gauld and Bolton, 1988). Hymenoptera is divided into two suborders: Symphyta, the sawflies and horntails, and the much larger suborder, Apocrita, which contains ants, bees, and wasps. The larvae of Symphyta are generally caterpillar like and use legs to crawl next on plants, while the larvae of Apocrita are generally legless and grub-like. The subor der Apocrita is ofttimes divided further into the groups Aculeata and Parasitica. Aculeata consists of stinging Hymenoptera such as ants, bees, and some wasps, while Parasitica contains the many groups of parasitic wasps. One of the extremely families contained within Parasitica is Ichneumonoidea.

This super family is further divided into two families, the family family family family Ichneumonidae and Ichneumonidae, which are the two largest families in the Hymenoptera (Wahl and Sharkey, 1993). With an estimated 60,000 species worldwide (Townes 1969; Gauld and Bolton 1988; Wahl and Sharkey 1993), Ichneumonidae i s the largest family of Hymenoptera and one ! of the largest families of insects. Gauld (1997) currently divides family Ichneumonidae into 37 subfamilies, although this act has varied greatly over the past few decades and is liquid debated in the taxonomic community. Ichneumonids are very common worldwide, having been smooth as far north as 80º N latitude. They are known to occur in all vegetated human activity habitats in Costa Rica....If you want to get a fit essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

If you want to get a full essay, visit our page: write my paper